3D Hybrids
Virtual And Physical Fabrication
ONLINE Module Study Guide
Module Study Guide
© 2007-2008 (c) Ian Grant Faculty Of Art And Design Thames Valley University
© 2007-2008 (c) Ian Grant Faculty Of Art And Design Thames Valley University
On Personal Fabrication:
"We've already had a digital revolution; we don't need to keep having it. The next big thing in computers will be literally outside the box, as we bring the programmability of the digital world to the rest of the world. With the benefit of hindsight, there's a tremendous historical parallel between the transition from mainframes to PCs and now from machine tools to personal fabrication. By personal fabrication I mean not just making mechanical structures, but fully functioning systems including sensing, logic, actuation, and displays." (i)
On 2D/3D Hybrids:
"Of course we are in somewhat a better position than God was. He was creating everything for the first time, so he could not borrow things from anywhere. Therefore everything had to be built and defined from scratch. But we are not creating a new universe but instead visually simulating a universe that already exists, i.e. physical reality. Therefore computer scientists working on 3D computer graphics techniques have realised early on that in addition to approximating the physics involved they can also sometimes take another shortcut. Instead of defining something from scratch through the algorithms, they can simply sample it from existing reality and incorporate these samples in the construction process. " (ii)
(i) Neil Gershenfeld http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/gershenfeld03/gershenfeld_index.html
(ii) Lev Manovich Lev Manovich - Radar 2004 - On Hybrids
On Personal Fabrication:
"We've already had a digital revolution; we don't need to keep having it. The next big thing in computers will be literally outside the box, as we bring the programmability of the digital world to the rest of the world. With the benefit of hindsight, there's a tremendous historical parallel between the transition from mainframes to PCs and now from machine tools to personal fabrication. By personal fabrication I mean not just making mechanical structures, but fully functioning systems including sensing, logic, actuation, and displays." (i)
On 2D/3D Hybrids:
"Of course we are in somewhat a better position than God was. He was creating everything for the first time, so he could not borrow things from anywhere. Therefore everything had to be built and defined from scratch. But we are not creating a new universe but instead visually simulating a universe that already exists, i.e. physical reality. Therefore computer scientists working on 3D computer graphics techniques have realised early on that in addition to approximating the physics involved they can also sometimes take another shortcut. Instead of defining something from scratch through the algorithms, they can simply sample it from existing reality and incorporate these samples in the construction process. " (ii)
(i) Neil Gershenfeld http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/gershenfeld03/gershenfeld_index.html
(ii) Lev Manovich Lev Manovich - Radar 2004 - On Hybrids
Welcome to 3D Hybrids!
Module Leader
name: Ian Grant
room: Grove 332
ext: 2119
Module Summary top
"3D Hybrids" develops the ideas covered in the following digital art modules: Experimental 3D, Virtual Spaces, Maverick Machines and complements the 3rd year work in Project (single and double) and Installation Art,
At level 2, in 'Experimental 3D' we explored screen based, rendered (not real-time) 3D graphics. Here we want to explore interactive real-time screen based and non-screen based 3D work. 'Non-screen-based work' involves 'hybrid' projects that can be variously described as: electronic sculpture, kinetic art, mixed reality artefacts or automata.
The creative scope of the module is wide and exciting. The module is open and extensible - driven by your own choices and artistic drives. As third years you should be independent, rigourous researchers. You can use this module to develop ideas you explore in greater depth in your Project module or in other level three modules eg.- Installation Art.
Here are some key ideas:
the hybrid: New media art, digital art, multimedia, information arts - call it what you want but one of the easiest ways to describe it is to call it 'hybrid'. A hybrid is a form made of a combination of sources. A hybrid commonly has a physical form that enhances qualities found in its combined elements. Think of a hybrid rose, a hybrid pig or a hybrid person. The idea of hybridity is a rich and creative starting point for exploration. Think of it as making something new through a recombination of found or given elements.
personal fabrication: The act of making, adapting, creating new technological forms from existing technology. We want to extend this definition: the act of making physical objects that relate to information / data that is virtual or digitised. Physical objects have form and function. We are primarily interested in artistic form. As we are playing with technology, how our work 'functions' is important. How does it interface with a computer? With a user? Does it contain embedded technology? Is is telematic? If it 'works' what 'work' does it do?
abstract and mimetic sculptural practice: Mimetic means imitative or representational. A form that resembles/simulates/represents an existing thing. eg a mechanical automata in the form of quacking defacating duck.
Jacques de Vaucanson (1709-82) - Mechanical Duck. Image source: http://music.calarts.edu/~sroberts/articles/DeVaucanson.duck.html
Abstract practice is more complex: the artefact does not need to resemble in form or function any real-world object. It may represent a 'quality' (feeling) or a fantastic (imaginary) form. Whatever broad aesthetic approach you take, you will make an artefact this is any one or combination of the following: clockwork, electrical, mechanical, moulded, fused, visual, pictorial, sonic, responsive, multimedial, simple, intelligent, reactive, proactive, live. In a word a hybrid artefact.
on screen real time 3D experiments: Real-time 3D is technically complex and hardware intensive. There are a number of technical possibilities at your disposal - some harder than others for the artist / non-programmer. We could all dive in to programming in openGL - the platform independent graphics processor language (commonly used in games to create characters in virtual worlds). But the learning curve is steep. Director 'lingo' 3D, VRML, MESA, Jitter in Max/MSP, Processing, game 'middleware' are further 'simpler' options to get started making openGL. You can explore this technology if you wish.
For practical purposes, this module will introduce Apple's Quartz Composer as a wonderful tool for accessing the power of the graphics processor unit (GPU) for the purposes of artistic real-time 3D and motion graphics. The 3D tools are limited but Quartz Composer offers unprecedented ease of use and speed of learning for creating 'hybrid' 3D compositions- using live sound, video, data and other media within an openGL space. Add to the mix the relative ease for using external midi devices as sensors and triggers - and we have a flexible prototyping tool for making live screenbased interactive 3D compositions.
You are asked to extend your existing technical knowledge in the service of artistic exploration. If you didn't do any of the previously mentioned Digital Art module and you wish to explore, for example, microcontrollers and sensors, hardware hacking and soldering, brush up quickly. These are basic skills for the electronic artist.
Module organisation:The module is organised in two phases: Etudes - (personal studies and experiments and Making: the actualisation and manufacture of a hybrid object.
For assessment point 1 you will document the process of making 4 practical studies (we shall call them etudes). You will define the scope and terms of each etude.
For assessment point 2 you will construct an artefact that is a 3D hybrid. You will propose, design and make a prototype. You will document your artistic process in an electronic sketch book.
About documentation: We want you to document your artistic process: with sketches, photographically, maybe with video and with the written word. This will be presented in a weblog.
In summary, in the spirit of dorkbot (http://dorkbot.org/), we want to play with the sculptural possibilities of 'doing strange things with electricity'. If any of you are brave or bold enough we can exhibit pieces at a 'dorkbot' event near to the time we complete the module.
Basic Information About The Module top
Module Code: AD60061E
Timetable Events:
Lecture for all with Ian Grant on Friday at 10am-1pm in G208/G120
Studio Practice for all with Ian Grant on Friday at 10am-1pm in G208/G120
to provide you with the practical tools required to create art projects that are hybrid.
We aim for you to practically explore:
to generate theoretical awareness relevant to aim 1: in areas such as
to develop an understanding of strategies for initiating and organising large scale creative projects.
to use appropriate methods to document your artistic process
Issues in 3D Hybrids
Although we are concerned with practical exploration, we will discuss in lectures / seminars / conversations some of the following issues in relation to your own ideas and work.
Digital Hybridity, VR and Realtime 3D
Physical Fabrication of 3D 'Electronic' Objects and Spaces
(1) 15/02/2008 Historical Perspectives on the Context of Interactive 3D and Virtual Art Ian Grant
(2) 22/02/2008 Perspectives on Mixed Realities in Hybrid Art Ian Grant
(3) 29/02/2008 Design for Simulation: 1D, 2D, 2.5D, 3D to 4D Ian Grant
(4) 07/03/2008 3D Simulations: Automata Ian Grant
(5) 14/03/2008 3D Simulations: Immersive Environments Ian Grant
(6) 21/03/2008 No Session - Good Friday Ian Grant
(7) 28/03/2008 Personal Fabrication II Ian Grant
(8) 04/04/2008 Reading / Making / Exhibition Week Ian Grant
(9) 25/04/2008 Conversations and Responses Ian Grant
(10) 02/05/2008 Conversations and Responses Ian Grant
(11) 09/05/2008 Conversations and Responses Ian Grant
(12) 16/05/2008 Conversations and Responses Ian Grant
(13) 23/05/2008 Student Exhibition: DorkBot TVU Digital Arts Team
(14) 30/05/2008 Student Exhibition and Evaluation Digital Arts Team
The online module study guide is available here: 3D Hybrids Online Module Study Guide
The course blog and delicious resource are excellent places to view and share material.
The 'hybrid' nature of the work on this module means that diverse intellectual and material resources could be used. The sessions will announce many other resources and starting points for research and creative work.
One aspect of the 'making' / 'fabrication' philosophy is to reuse, adapt and recycle existing technology. We want to support this thrifty model of recycling although you are free to purchase additional materials and components, software etc when necessary.
Studio Sessions
The module takes place in the digital arts room over a 3 hour block. This is a dedicate space and flexible time where you can work practically, participate in seminars and lectures/extended presentations.
Lectures/Extended Presentations
Lectures will draw content from the above list and will be delivered by the module team. Lectures will be consist of contextual material, eg. history, theory and examples. Where appropriate software and techniques will be demonstrated for the whole group.
Studio Time
Workshops, like the lectures, will draw content from module topics and will be delivered by the module team. Early workshops will focus on project management, 'getting things done' and facilitating creative ideas. We will play with Quartz Composer in the early sessions until everyone has a artistic and technical direction of their own. Not all the technical areas (openGL, vrml, director 3D, max/MSP) will be covered in each workshop: due to time constraints. A suitable programme will be agreed by the group and the workshop tutor according to need. Independent, self-motivated and self-designed work is valued and will result in higher grades.
The studio time will organise the development and presentation of your studies and etudes.
We will have regular group and individual crits.
We will workshop practical making techniques - where space and resources allow. Some techniques will be presented to allow you to take away techniques to your own spaces to experiment. eg. mould making, materials and tool techniques.
Understanding the module aims, learning outcomes and assessment.
Critical Blogging as Project Documentation and Research
Planning and Preparation
Preparation for Session 2
Reading TBC
An introduction to virtual and augmented realities in art practice and the metaverse.
Fabrication
DorkBot
Studio ActionExperimental Process, Documentation and Project Management
Understanding the assessments.
Technical Awareness
Preparation for Session 3
Reading TBC
tba
In the workshop:
Etude I
Research, Self Organisation, Project Planning
Preparation for Session 4
Reading TBC
tba
In the workshop:
Etude II
Research, Self Organisation, Project Planning
Preparation for Session 5
Reading TBC
In the workshop:
Etude III
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 6
Reading TBC
Personal Fabrication I: Electronic Sculpture: Interactivity and Control/Response Systems
In the workshop:
Etude IV
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 7
Reading TBC
tba
Etudes continued
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 8
Reading TBC
No Lecture
No Lecture. Reading / Exhibition Week
Appreciation, Debate and Argument
Visit Exhibitions / Reading Week
tba
Examples of Artistic Practice
Personal sessions and Material not considered from the Previous week
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 10
Reading
In the bibliography see:
Personal sessions and Material not considered from the Previous week
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 11
Reading TBC
Examples of Artistic Practice
Personal sessions and Material not considered from the Previous week
Aesthetic / Technical Skills Development
Preparation for Session 12
Reading TBC
Emergent Ideas
Emergent Ideas
Presentation Preparation
Appreciation, Debate and Argument
Individual preparation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Individual preparation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Student Presentations and Evaluation
Finale
Assessment 1: Four Etudes with Online Documentation of Technical and Artistic Process, Research and Contextual Analysis top
Assessment Rationale:
1. Four Etudes
Etudes are studies. Practical and theoretical explorations into technology and artistic expression
The etudes will be documented in an online weblog week by week. Each entry will give analysis of your creative activity and research. You need to document your own process in an effective way. You will also need to reference web-sites, artworks, articles, books, exhibitions, films, games and any other contextual media that you have researched for the study.
Here is an outline for the documentation of your etudes. You can copy this into your weblog. Remember these are short studies / pieces of work that explore theoretical, technical, artistic issues in the experimental pursuit of your whole project.
Etude Number
Basic Details
Your name
Your Pathway Combination
The title of your etude
A short statement of intentions
Conceptualisation of the work
Describe and depict what the actual concept of the etude is.
Write about:
Documentation of Technical and Artistic Process
You should include photographs, sketches, video - any material you have used to document your process.
Technical Analysis
Write about:
References
You must explore the issues widely, hence the range of different styles of reference in this list.
How successful is the etude? (Be positive)
Group Work
If you decide to collaborate with others and work in a team you must still do the assessment as detailed above. You can, however, share a single blog and clearly indicate who has authored each entry. The blogging system you use may help you to do this. The etudes above can be collaboratively written and must be co-signed by each member of the group. The personal reflection is the only element that needs to be written by each single named individual.
Back-Up Strategies
Any work that is in electronic form will need to be backed-up to protect you from data-loss. We require a printed copy of your work (for back-up purposes) but don't leave it to the end to do your print outs / backups. The risk of data loss is also true of online blogs where you are not in control of your data. The latest blogging software (moveable type, blogger, wordpress) have export and back-up facilities. Make sure you use them and make sure you have a back-up strategy in place for all of your electronic work. Data-loss is not a reason for mitigating circumstances.
Speak to your tutor and see here for more on the philosophy of backing up: http:/www.ianai.net/jokes/backup.txt
Briefing date: Week 1
Due date: Week 8 Friday 4th April
Weighting: 40%
These are the criteria that you will be assessed upon for Assessment 1: top
Organisation and Coherence
Quality of Content and Documentation
Clarity of Expression
Level of Analysis and Synthesis
Use of Literature Showing Knowledge and Understanding
Quality of Referencing
Marking Criteria |
% |
Low |
Mid |
High |
| Marking Criteria | % | Low | Mid | High |
| Organisation and Coherence | 10 | 0 to 4 | 5 | 8 |
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| Quality of Content and Documentation | 25 | 0 to 9 | 10 | 18 |
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This is how standards/grades will be determined for assessment 1 (continued)
| Marking Criteria | % | Low | Mid | High |
| Clarity of Expression | 15 | 0 to 5 | 6 | 10 |
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| Level of Analysis and Synthesis | 25 | 0 to 9 | 10 | 18 |
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| Use of Literature Showing Knowledge and Understanding | 15 | 0 to 5 | 6 | 10 |
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| Quality of Referencing | 10 | 0 to 4 | 5 | 8 |
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Assessment 2: 3D Hybrid Artwork/Artefact, Documentation and Self-Evaluation top
Assessment Rationale:
This consists of 3 components.
There will be a presentation of your artwork 'in progress' in week 13 and week 14
How you are expected to prepare and complete this assignment
1. Artwork / Artefact
This will be in a format and media appropriate to your own personal direction. It will be a 3D Hybrid - with all the variety that may entail as discussed elsewhere in this module study guide and in the sessions. It should be interactive, responsive and real-time. It must be a physical 3D form. It may connect to or embed digital technologies. It may be networked (or telematic). It may include a screen. Work in progress, prototypes, demos of complex or large scale projects are acceptable, but modelled functionality must be demonstrated through the etudes and in the artefact. ie. It must 'work' in some way.
Assignment Requirements: Presentation
Duration: 15 minutes
Materials: Artwork / Artefact, slide show, verbal presentation.
2. Project Documentation
This will detail the artistic and technical developments that you have made towards the realisation of your artwork. It will be in the form of a report that will include a documentation of your artistic process. It will also include decisions and rationalisations that were made to enable the completion of the artwork. You are advised to keep a journal / diary of technical development throughout the project. This will be used to inform this component of the Assignment.
3. Self Evaluation
This will be a 500 word evaluation of your realised project against your original intended concept. You will also give yourself marks out of 10 for each key skill of this module:
Group Work
If you decide to collaborate with others and work in a team you must still do the assessment as detailed above. You can, however, share a single blog and clearly indicate who has authored each entry. The blogging system you use may help you to do this. You must individually write up an account of your own contributions, achievements and failings within the project.
Back-Up Strategies
Any work that is in electronic form will need to be backed-up to protect you from data-loss. We require a printed copy of your work (for back-up purposes) but don't leave it to the end to do your print outs / backups. The risk of data loss is also true of online blogs where you are not in control of your data. The latest blogging software (moveable type, blogger, wordpress) have export and back-up facilities. Make sure you use them and make sure you have a back-up strategy in place for all of your electronic work. Data-loss is not a reason for mitigating circumstances.
Speak to your tutor and see here for more on the philosophy of backing up: http:/www.ianai.net/jokes/backup.txt
Briefing date: Week 1
Due date: Week 14 Friday 30th May
Weighting: 60%
These are the criteria that you will be assessed upon for Assessment 2: top
Organisation and Coherence
Quality of Content and Documentation
Clarity of Expression
Level of Creative Response and Synthesis:
Use of Literature Showing Knowledge and Understanding
Quality of Referencing
Marking Criteria |
% |
Low |
Mid |
High |
| Marking Criteria | % | Low | Mid | High |
| Organisation and Coherence | 5 | 0 to 2 | 3 to 3 | 4 to 5 |
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| Quality of Content and Documentation | 20 | 0 to 7 | 8 to 13 | 14 to 20 |
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This is how standards/grades will be determined for assessment 2 (continued)
| Marking Criteria | % | Low | Mid | High |
| Clarity of Expression | 25 | 0 to 9 | 10 to 17 | 18 to 25 |
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| Level of Creative Response and Synthesis: | 40 | 0 to 14 | 15 to 27 | 28 to 40 |
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| Use of Literature Showing Knowledge and Understanding | 5 | 0 to 2 | 3 to 3 | 4 to 5 |
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| Quality of Referencing | 5 | 0 to 2 | 3 to 3 | 4 to 5 |
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Feedback is provided to students in accordance with the current university and faculty guidelines. Normally, marks and formative feedback are given within 15 working days of the submission of an assignment.
During the workshop time and the regular presentations you give of your progress, formal feedback will be given. The tutor will note it down and you are expected to note it down, consider it and act on it if you deem it relevant. It will provide material for your research / development blog category.
Student Support And Guidance
Technical support:
The Grove House technical support window in Mac Lab 2 is open between 10am and 3pm.
John Williamson, PC Network Administrator G328 extn 2486
Carl Rohumaa, Macintosh Network Administrator G230 extn 2962
Grove House has an open access policy to most computer rooms and is very well resourced, so students can arrange their self study time fairly flexibly.
Where possible, workshop tutors will lend technical support during the workshop hours. Due to the diverse nature of the module, some queries may be best targeted.
Google is an excellent means of support. Online forum and the course blog, http://ellington.tvu.ac.uk/3DHybrids/blog/ may also be of assistance. Tutors will not offer support if a technical query could easily be answered by Googling.
Limited facilities are available for constructing items that involve dusty or smelly procedures. The Grove garage is given over to large scale construction near to the degree show.
Administrative support:
Jessica Williams is the administrative officer for this module.
The faculty office TC308 and G308 offer support to students on this module.
LRC:
Susan Arthur is the subject librarian and there are some fantastic resources in the library for this module.
LSDS:
LSDS provision is provided separately for Level 3 Digital Arts students.
Evaluation Of The Module
Formal Evaluation:: This happens through an anonymous web based questionnaire at the midpoint of the module and at the end.
You will elect 2 workshop representatives and a substitute at the beginning of the module. They, with a perk as motivation, will do a short written report on the module after consulting with the group.
Informal evaluation: we all take conversational feedback seriously and will continuously seek it and act on sensible, well formed responses to the module.